Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Alternato.

Pamene dera kunja energizes chisangalalo chokhotakhota mwa maburashi, ndi maginito kwaiye ndi claw mzati ndi magnetized mu N ndi S mizati.Rotor ikazungulira, kusinthasintha kwa maginito kumasintha mosinthana ndi mafunde a stator, ndipo molingana ndi mfundo ya ma elekitiromagineti induction, mphamvu yamagetsi yosinthira imapangidwa pamagawo atatu a stator.Iyi ndiye mfundo yopangira magetsi alternator.
Rotor ya DC-excited synchronous jenereta imayendetsedwa ndi prime mover (ie, injini) ndipo imazungulira pa liwiro n (rpm), ndi masitepe atatu stator imapangitsa kuthekera kwa AC.Ngati kulowera kwa stator kulumikizidwa ndi katundu wamagetsi, galimotoyo idzakhala ndi zotulutsa za AC, zomwe zidzasinthidwa kukhala DC ndi mlatho wokonzanso mkati mwa jenereta ndikutuluka kuchokera kumalo otulutsa.
Alternator imagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kuzungulira kwa stator ndi kuzungulira kwa rotor.The atatu gawo stator mapiringidzo amafalitsidwa pa chipolopolo pa magetsi ngodya 120 madigiri wina ndi mzake, ndi kozungulira makhotakhota wapangidwa ndi zikhadabo ziwiri mzati.Kuzungulira kwa rotor kumakhala ndi zikhadabo ziwiri.Pamene mapiringidzo a rotor atembenuzidwa ku DC, amasangalala ndipo zikhadabo ziwiri zimapanga N ndi S.Mizere yamphamvu ya maginito imayambira pa N pole, kulowa pakati pa stator kupyolera mu mpweya wa mpweya ndikubwereranso ku S pole yoyandikana nayo.Kamodzi kozungulira kozungulira, kuzungulira kwa rotor kudzadula mizere yamagetsi yamphamvu ndikupanga mphamvu yamagetsi ya sinusoidal mu mafunde a stator ndi kusiyana pakati pa madigiri 120 a ngodya yamagetsi, mwachitsanzo, magawo atatu osinthasintha, omwe amasinthidwa kuti aziwongolera. zomwe zikuchitika panopa kudzera mu chinthu chokonzanso chopangidwa ndi ma diode.

Pamene chosinthira chatsekedwa, chapano chimayamba kuperekedwa ndi batri.Dera ndi.
Battery positive terminal → charging chizindikiro → cholumikizira chowongolera → kukomoka kokhotakhota → latch → cholumikizira cha batire.Panthawiyi, chowunikira chowunikira chidzakhala choyaka chifukwa pali kudutsa.

Komabe, injini ikayamba, pamene liwiro la jenereta likuwonjezeka, mphamvu yamagetsi ya jenereta imakweranso.Pamene voteji linanena bungwe la jenereta ndi wofanana ndi voteji batire, kuthekera kwa "B" ndi "D" malekezero a jenereta ndi ofanana, pa nthawi ino, nazipereka chizindikiro kuwala kuzimitsidwa chifukwa kusiyana kuthekera pakati pa malekezero awiri. ndi zero.Jenereta ikugwira ntchito bwino ndipo mphamvu yosangalatsa imaperekedwa ndi jenereta yokha.Kuthekera kwa magawo atatu a AC komwe kumapangidwa ndi mafunde a magawo atatu mu jenereta kumakonzedwanso ndi diode, ndiyeno mphamvu ya DC imatuluka kuti ipereke katundu ndikulipiritsa batire.